Challenges and Prospects in Ocean Circulation Models
Creators
- Baylor Fox‐Kemper1
- Alistair Adcroft
- Claus W. Böning
- Eric P. Chassignet
- Enrique Curchitser2
- Gökhan Danabasoglu3
- Carsten Eden
- Matthew M England4
- Rüdiger Gerdes5
- Richard J. Greatbatch6
- Stephen M. Griffies7
- Robert Hallberg
- Emmanuel Hanert8
- Patrick Heimbach
- Helene T. Hewitt
- Christopher Hill
- Yuzo Komuro
- Sonya Legg
- Julien Le Sommer9
- Simona Masina10
- Simon J. Marsland
- Stephen G. Penny
- Fangli Qiao
- Todd D. Ringler
- Anne-Marie Tréguier11
- Hiroyuki Tsujino
- Petteri Uotila12
- Stephen Yeager3
- 1. John Brown University
- 2. Institute of Marine and Coastal Research
- 3. NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research
- 4. Coventry University
- 5. Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung
- 6. GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
- 7. NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory
- 8. UCLouvain
- 9. Institut des Géosciences de l'Environnement
- 10. Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
- 11. Ifremer
- 12. Collaboration for Australian Weather and Climate Research
Description
We revisit the challenges and prospects for ocean circulation models following Griffies et al. (2010). Over the past decade, ocean circulation models evolved through improved understanding, numerics, spatial discretization, grid configurations, parameterizations, data assimilation, environmental monitoring, and process-level observations and modeling. Important large scale applications over the last decade are simulations of the Southern Ocean, the Meridional Overturning Circulation and its variability, and regional sea level change. Submesoscale variability is now routinely resolved in process models and permitted in a few global models, and submesoscale effects are parameterized in most global models. The scales where nonhydrostatic effects become important are beginning to be resolved in regional and process models. Coupling to sea ice, ice shelves, and high-resolution atmospheric models has stimulated new ideas and driven improvements in numerics. Observations have provided insight into turbulence and mixing around the globe and assessed through perturbed physics models. Relatedly, parameterizations of the mixing and overturning processes in boundary layers and the ocean interior have improved. New diagnostics being used for evaluating models alongside present and novel observations are briefly referenced. The overall goal is summarizing new developments in ocean modeling, including: how new and existing observations can be used, what modeling challenges remain, and how simulations can be used to support observations.
Translated Descriptions
Translated Description (Arabic)
نعيد النظر في التحديات والآفاق لنماذج دوران المحيطات بعد Griffies et al. (2010). على مدى العقد الماضي، تطورت نماذج دوران المحيطات من خلال تحسين الفهم، والأرقام، والتقطيع المكاني، وتكوينات الشبكة، والمعلمات، واستيعاب البيانات، والرصد البيئي، والملاحظات والنمذجة على مستوى العملية. تتمثل التطبيقات المهمة واسعة النطاق على مدى العقد الماضي في محاكاة المحيط الجنوبي، ودوران انقلاب خطوط الطول وتقلبه، والتغير الإقليمي في مستوى سطح البحر. يتم الآن حل التباين دون المستوى المتوسط بشكل روتيني في نماذج العمليات ويسمح به في عدد قليل من النماذج العالمية، ويتم تحديد التأثيرات دون المستوى المتوسط في معظم النماذج العالمية. بدأت المقاييس التي تصبح فيها التأثيرات غير الهيدروستاتيكية مهمة في الحل في النماذج الإقليمية ونماذج العمليات. أدى الاقتران بالجليد البحري والجروف الجليدية ونماذج الغلاف الجوي عالية الدقة إلى تحفيز أفكار جديدة ودفع التحسينات في الأرقام. قدمت الملاحظات نظرة ثاقبة على الاضطراب والاختلاط في جميع أنحاء العالم وتم تقييمها من خلال نماذج الفيزياء المضطربة. فيما يتعلق بذلك، تحسنت معلمات عمليات الخلط والانقلاب في الطبقات الحدودية وداخل المحيط. تتم الإشارة بإيجاز إلى التشخيصات الجديدة المستخدمة لتقييم النماذج جنبًا إلى جنب مع الملاحظات الحالية والجديدة. الهدف العام هو تلخيص التطورات الجديدة في نمذجة المحيطات، بما في ذلك: كيف يمكن استخدام الملاحظات الجديدة والقائمة، وما هي تحديات النمذجة المتبقية، وكيف يمكن استخدام المحاكاة لدعم الملاحظات.Translated Description (French)
Nous revisitons les défis et les perspectives pour les modèles de circulation océanique à la suite de Griffies et al. (2010). Au cours de la dernière décennie, les modèles de circulation océanique ont évolué grâce à l'amélioration de la compréhension, des chiffres, de la discrétisation spatiale, des configurations de grille, des paramétrisations, de l'assimilation des données, de la surveillance de l'environnement et des observations et de la modélisation au niveau des processus. D'importantes applications à grande échelle au cours de la dernière décennie sont les simulations de l'océan Austral, la circulation méridionale de retournement et sa variabilité, et le changement régional du niveau de la mer. La variabilité à l'échelle inférieure est maintenant systématiquement résolue dans les modèles de processus et autorisée dans quelques modèles globaux, et les effets à l'échelle inférieure sont paramétrés dans la plupart des modèles globaux. Les échelles où les effets non hydrostatiques deviennent importants commencent à être résolues dans les modèles régionaux et de processus. Le couplage à la glace de mer, aux plates-formes de glace et aux modèles atmosphériques à haute résolution a stimulé de nouvelles idées et entraîné des améliorations numériques. Les observations ont fourni un aperçu des turbulences et des mélanges dans le monde entier et ont été évaluées à l'aide de modèles physiques perturbés. De même, les paramétrages des processus de mélange et de renversement dans les couches limites et à l'intérieur de l'océan se sont améliorés. Les nouveaux diagnostics utilisés pour évaluer les modèles aux côtés des observations actuelles et nouvelles sont brièvement référencés. L'objectif général est de résumer les nouveaux développements en matière de modélisation océanique, y compris : comment les observations nouvelles et existantes peuvent être utilisées, quels défis de modélisation restent à relever et comment les simulations peuvent être utilisées pour soutenir les observations.Translated Description (Spanish)
Revisamos los desafíos y las perspectivas de los modelos de circulación oceánica siguiendo a Griffies et al. (2010). Durante la última década, los modelos de circulación oceánica evolucionaron a través de una mejor comprensión, cálculos numéricos, discretización espacial, configuraciones de cuadrícula, parametrizaciones, asimilación de datos, monitoreo ambiental y observaciones y modelos a nivel de proceso. Las aplicaciones importantes a gran escala durante la última década son las simulaciones del Océano Austral, la Circulación Meridional de Retorno y su variabilidad, y el cambio regional del nivel del mar. La variabilidad a submesoescala ahora se resuelve de forma rutinaria en los modelos de procesos y se permite en algunos modelos globales, y los efectos a submesoescala se parametrizan en la mayoría de los modelos globales. Las escalas donde los efectos no hidrostáticos se vuelven importantes están comenzando a resolverse en modelos regionales y de proceso. El acoplamiento al hielo marino, las plataformas de hielo y los modelos atmosféricos de alta resolución ha estimulado nuevas ideas e impulsado mejoras en la numérica. Las observaciones han proporcionado información sobre la turbulencia y la mezcla en todo el mundo y se han evaluado a través de modelos físicos perturbados. En relación con esto, han mejorado las parametrizaciones de los procesos de mezcla y vuelco en las capas límite y en el interior del océano. Se hace referencia brevemente a los nuevos diagnósticos que se utilizan para evaluar los modelos junto con los presentes y los nuevos. El objetivo general es resumir los nuevos desarrollos en el modelado oceánico, que incluyen: cómo se pueden usar los datos nuevos y existentes, qué desafíos de modelado quedan y cómo se pueden usar las simulaciones para respaldar los datos.Files
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Additional details
Additional titles
- Translated title (Arabic)
- التحديات والآفاق في نماذج دوران المحيطات
- Translated title (French)
- Défis et perspectives dans les modèles de circulation océanique
- Translated title (Spanish)
- Desafíos y perspectivas en los modelos de circulación oceánica
Identifiers
- Other
- https://openalex.org/W2915637003
- DOI
- 10.3389/fmars.2019.00065
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