Published February 6, 2023 | Version v1
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The paradigm of intracellular parasite survival and drug resistance in leishmanial parasite through genome plasticity and epigenetics: Perception and future perspective

Creators

  • 1. Indian Institute of Chemical Biology

Description

Leishmania is an intracellular, zoonotic, kinetoplastid eukaryote with more than 1.2 million cases all over the world. The leishmanial chromosomes are divided into polymorphic chromosomal ends, conserved central domains, and antigen-encoding genes found in telomere-proximal regions. The genome flexibility of chromosomal ends of the leishmanial parasite is known to cause drug resistance and intracellular survival through the evasion of host defense mechanisms. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the plasticity of Leishmania genome organization which is the primary cause of drug resistance and parasite survival. Moreover, we have not only elucidated the causes of such genome plasticity which includes aneuploidy, epigenetic factors, copy number variation (CNV), and post-translation modification (PTM) but also highlighted their impact on drug resistance and parasite survival.

⚠️ This is an automatic machine translation with an accuracy of 90-95%

Translated Description (Arabic)

الليشمانيا هي حقيقيات النوى حركية الخلايا، حيوانية المنشأ، مع أكثر من 1.2 مليون حالة في جميع أنحاء العالم. تنقسم الكروموسومات الليشمانية إلى نهايات كروموسومية متعددة الأشكال، ومجالات مركزية محفوظة، وجينات تشفير المستضد الموجودة في المناطق القريبة من التيلومير. من المعروف أن مرونة جينوم النهايات الكروموسومية للطفيلي الليشماني تسبب مقاومة للأدوية والبقاء على قيد الحياة داخل الخلايا من خلال التهرب من آليات دفاع المضيف. لذلك، في هذه المراجعة، نناقش مرونة تنظيم جينوم الليشمانيا الذي يعد السبب الرئيسي لمقاومة الأدوية وبقاء الطفيليات. علاوة على ذلك، لم نوضح أسباب مرونة الجينوم هذه التي تشمل اختلال الصيغة الصبغية، والعوامل اللاجينية، واختلاف رقم النسخ (CNV)، وتعديل ما بعد الترجمة (PTM) فحسب، بل سلطنا الضوء أيضًا على تأثيرها على مقاومة الأدوية وبقاء الطفيليات.

Translated Description (French)

Leishmania est un eucaryote intracellulaire, zoonotique et kinétoplastide avec plus de 1,2 million de cas dans le monde. Les chromosomes leishmaniens sont divisés en extrémités chromosomiques polymorphes, domaines centraux conservés et gènes codant pour l'antigène trouvés dans les régions télomères-proximales. La flexibilité du génome des extrémités chromosomiques du parasite leishmanial est connue pour provoquer une résistance aux médicaments et une survie intracellulaire par l'évasion des mécanismes de défense de l'hôte. Par conséquent, dans cette revue, nous discutons de la plasticité de l'organisation du génome de Leishmania qui est la principale cause de résistance aux médicaments et de survie aux parasites. De plus, nous avons non seulement élucidé les causes de cette plasticité du génome, qui comprend l'aneuploïdie, les facteurs épigénétiques, la variation du nombre de copies (CNV) et la modification post-traductionnelle (PTM), mais nous avons également mis en évidence leur impact sur la résistance aux médicaments et la survie des parasites.

Translated Description (Spanish)

Leishmania es un eucariota intracelular, zoonótico y cinetoplastidiano con más de 1,2 millones de casos en todo el mundo. Los cromosomas leishmanianos se dividen en extremos cromosómicos polimórficos, dominios centrales conservados y genes que codifican antígenos que se encuentran en las regiones proximales a los telómeros. Se sabe que la flexibilidad del genoma de los extremos cromosómicos del parásito leishmanial causa resistencia a los medicamentos y supervivencia intracelular a través de la evasión de los mecanismos de defensa del huésped. Por lo tanto, en esta revisión, discutimos la plasticidad de la organización del genoma de Leishmania, que es la causa principal de la resistencia a los medicamentos y la supervivencia del parásito. Además, no solo hemos dilucidado las causas de dicha plasticidad genómica, que incluye aneuploidía, factores epigenéticos, variación del número de copias (CNV) y modificación postraduccional (PTM), sino que también hemos destacado su impacto en la resistencia a los medicamentos y la supervivencia del parásito.

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Additional details

Additional titles

Translated title (Arabic)
نموذج بقاء الطفيليات داخل الخلايا ومقاومتها للعقاقير في الطفيليات الليشمانية من خلال مرونة الجينوم وعلم التخلق: الإدراك والمنظور المستقبلي
Translated title (French)
Le paradigme de la survie des parasites intracellulaires et de la résistance aux médicaments chez les parasites leishmaniaux grâce à la plasticité du génome et à l'épigénétique : perception et perspective d'avenir
Translated title (Spanish)
El paradigma de la supervivencia del parásito intracelular y la resistencia a los medicamentos en el parásito leishmaniano a través de la plasticidad del genoma y la epigenética: percepción y perspectiva futura

Identifiers

Other
https://openalex.org/W4319322384
DOI
10.3389/fcimb.2023.1001973

Is supplement to
https://openalex.org/W4292608201 (Other)
https://openalex.org/W3092321792 (Other)
https://openalex.org/W3023753496 (Other)
https://openalex.org/W2944480886 (Other)
https://openalex.org/W2939550843 (Other)
https://openalex.org/W2936820711 (Other)
https://openalex.org/W2187207551 (Other)
https://openalex.org/W2069184423 (Other)
https://openalex.org/W1841055005 (Other)
https://openalex.org/W1546177735 (Other)

GreSIS Basics Section

Is Global South Knowledge
Yes
Country
India

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